It has been—and it is now—peace. King urged instead “a radical revolution of values” emphasizing love and justice rather than economic nationalism (King, “Beyond Vietnam,” 157). Vietnam is all of these things. Washington D.C., United States of America (USA).Title reads 'Kennedy Sees 'Increasing Ferocity' in Vietnam War'.MS. We are Americans determined to defend the frontiers of freedom by an honorable peace if peace is possible but by arms if arms are used against us." Those who tell us now that we should abandon our commitment—that securing South Vietnam from armed domination is not worth the price we are paying—must also answer this question. The Prime Minister of Australia said: I do not have to tell you that our people are profoundly concerned about that struggle. The Vietnam War Memorial. —They misjudge individual speeches for public policy. Why should three Presidents and the elected representatives of our people have chosen to defend this Asian nation more than 10,000 miles from American shores? They are no better suited to judge the strength and perseverance of America than the Nazi and the Stalinist propagandists were able to judge it. The President of the Philippines had this to say: Second, we will provide all that our brave men require to do the job that must be done. "Silent Majority" Speech November 1969 [In November 1969 United States president Richard Nixon responded to mounting criticism of the war in Vietnam by trying to undercut demonstrators who had recently staged a nationwide day of protest. I am not prepared to risk the security—indeed, the survival—of this American Nation on mere hope and wishful thinking. Into this mixture of subversion and war, of terror and hope, America has entered—with its material power and with its moral commitment. Let him not think that debate and dissent will produce wavering and withdrawal. King, “Beyond Vietnam,” 4 April 1967, NNRC. Our goal has been the same—in Europe, in Asia, in our own hemisphere. I am ready to send a trusted representative of America to any spot on this earth to talk in public or private with a spokesman of Hanoi. But Hanoi has not accepted any of these proposals. I am going to call the roll now of those who live in that part of the world—in the great arc of Asian and Pacific nations—and who bear the responsibility for leading their people, and the responsibility for the fate of their people. On November 1, subject to the action, of course, of the Constituent Assembly, an elected government will be inaugurated and an elected Senate and Legislature will be installed. He attended the induction but refused to answer to his name or take the oath. 1 Brianna Santos English The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, and in Vietnam as the Resistance War Against America or simply the American War, was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. The war in Vietnam began long before Lyndon Johnson's Presidency and ended in 1975, years after he left office. So we are going to stay there," said President Kennedy. This evening I came here to speak to you about Vietnam. A year after he was elected, on November 3, 1969, President Nixon gave the following address on the situation in Vietnam. In the meantime, it shall be our policy to continue to seek negotiations—confident that reason will some day prevail; that Hanoi will realize that it just can never win; that it will turn away from fighting and start building for its own people. President Park of Korea said: On 4 April 1967 Martin Luther King, Jr., delivered his seminal speech at Riverside Church condemning the Vietnam War. I deeply appreciate this opportunity to appear before an organization whose members contribute every day such important work to the public affairs of our State and of our country. And, soon or late, they will discover them. O’Brien (1968) The First Amendment did not protect burning draft cards in protest of the Vietnam War as a form of symbolic speech. Their responsibility is clear: To answer the desires of the South Vietnamese people for self-determination and for peace, for an attack on corruption, for economic development, and for social justice. THE PRESIDENT: Good afternoon, everybody. Answering press questions after addressing a Howard University audience on 2 March 1965, King asserted that the war in Vietnam was “accomplishing nothing” and called for a negotiated settlement (Schuette, “King Preaches on Non-Violence”). In Kennedy’s inauguration speech he promised American support for nations and societies seeking freedom: “The world is very different now. President Johnson reiterates the view of the administration that the security of the United States and the entire free world is at stake in Southeast Asia, and that the U.S. will not abandon the commitments it has made in the region. But for many Americans, it is the event most closely associated with Johnson's years in the White House. National Mall. The Foreign Minister of Thailand said: For I can assure you they won't. Some colonies passed laws declaring it treasonous to support the British King. His one-hour special report aired on Feb. 27, 1968. 1. Our casualties in the war have reached about 13,500 killed in action, and about 85,000 wounded. The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., head of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, delivers a speech entitled “Beyond Vietnam” in … That is the question that the Senate of the United States answered by a vote of 82 to 1 when it ratified and approved the SEATO treaty in 1955, and to which the Members of the United States Congress responded in a resolution that it passed in 1964 by a vote of 504 to 2, "... the United States is, therefore, prepared, as the President determines, to take all necessary steps, including the use of armed force, to assist any member or protocol state of the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty requesting assistance in defense of its freedom." King’s anti-war sentiments emerged publicly for the first time in March 1965, when King declared that “millions of dollars can be spent every day to hold troops in South Viet Nam and our country cannot protect the rights of Negroes in Selma” (King, 9 March 1965). It is a tragedy that they must discover these qualities in the American people, and discover them through a bloody war. We cherish self-determination for all people—yes. Parting words from Walter Cronkite: His famous Vietnam commentary, originally aired on a special CBS News broadcast Feb. 27, 1968. I think it is the common failing of totalitarian regimes that they cannot really understand the nature of our democracy: First, we must not mislead the enemy. The speech was drafted from a collection of volunteers, including Spelman professor Vincent Harding and Wesleyan professor John Maguire. Tap to unmute. —They mistake a few committees for a country. A year later, he reaffirmed that: & CU. The grip of the Vietcong on the people is being broken. It is the arena where Communist expansionism is most aggressively at work in the world today—where it is crossing international frontiers in violation of international agreements; where it is killing and kidnaping; where it is ruthlessly attempting to bend free people to its will. . The reports I see make it clear that there is. The freedom of 12 million people would be lost immediately, and that of 150 million in adjacent lands would be seriously endangered. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara was beginning to have serious misgivings about the … The war was unpopular and seemed pointless to many. It sharpens the sting of inequality, and by destruction it steals from the poor the lives they have built. It seemed as if there was a real promise of hope for the poor—both black Johnson’s War, America’s Cold War Crusade in Vietnam, 1945-1968, argues that even though Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy’s use of aid to South Vietnam placed Johnson in a difficult position, Johnson made three steps of his own to escalate the war. These gallant men have our prayers-have our thanks—have our heart-felt praise—and our deepest gratitude. CBS News anchor Walter Cronkite went to Vietnam to provide viewers with an assessment of the war’s progress. The Institute cannot give permission to use or reproduce any of the writings, statements, or images of Martin Luther King, Jr. Read each of the passages below, consisting of one speech per president during th… No. Good evening, my fellow Americans: Tonight I want to talk to you on a subject of deep concern to all Americans and to many people in all parts of the world–the war in Vietnam. From many sources the answer is the same. . SourceNational Archives. What kind of world are they prepared to live in 5 months or 5 years from tonight? Veterans of the Vietnam War, families, friends, distinguished guests. The Vietnam War Commemoration is conducted according to the 2008 National Defense Authorization Act to help honor and pay tribute to Vietnam Veterans and their families. King, Statement on voter registration in Alabama, 9 March 1965, MLKJP-GAMK. The Vietnam War, a war pitting Communist North Vietnam and its allies against South Vietnam and its allies, including the United States, lasted from 1955-1975, spanning four different presidents. I do know that there are Communist-supported guerrilla forces operating in Burma. And for 27 years—since the days of lend-lease—we have sought to strengthen free people against domination by aggressive foreign powers. Paul Potter, "The Incredible War": Speech at the Washington Antiwar March (April 17, 1965). Speech on Vietnam War The 30 year-long War of Vietnam that started in 1945 changed the scenario of World politics completely. "Enduring peace," Franklin D. Roosevelt said, "cannot be bought at the cost of other people's freedom." King told reporters on Face the Nation that as a minister he had “a prophetic function” and as “one greatly concerned about the need for peace in our world and the survival of mankind, I must continue to take a stand on this issue” (King, 29 August 1965). There is at the outset a very obvious and almost facile connection between the war in Vietnam and the struggle I, and others, have been waging in America. President Nixon talked to the nation about the prospects for peace in Vietnam. The true peace-keepers in the world tonight are not those who urge us to retire from the field in Vietnam—who tell us to try to find the quickest, cheapest exit from that tormented land, no matter what the consequences to us may be. Here’s a collection of short speeches on Vietnam war. “Among Australian speeches, Arthur Calwell’s 1965 speech in which he declared Labor’s opposition to the war in Vietnam stands out. And peace cannot be secured by wishes; peace cannot be preserved by noble words and pure intentions. And braver men have never lived than those who carry our colors in Vietnam at this very hour. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered this sermon on April 30th, 1967 in New York to the attendees of Riverside Church. President Johnson also provides answers to some of the concerns of the American public, and expresses the readiness of the U.S. and South Vietnam to negotiate peace whenever North Vietnam so chooses. Heavyweight boxing champion Muhammad Ali (born Cassius Clay, 1942-2016) was outspoken about many political issues, including his opposition to the Vietnam War.. Ali was drafted by the United States military in 1966 and called up for induction in 1967. In early 1967 King stepped up his anti-war proclamations, giving similar speeches in Los Angeles and Chicago. The South Vietnamese have suffered severely, as have we—particularly in the First Corps area in the north, where the enemy has mounted his heaviest attacks, and where his lines of communication to North Vietnam are shortest. The people wanted an elected, responsive government. "We are not going to withdraw from that effort. In his first address to the nation on Vietnam, the President spoke of the steps his new administration was already taking to “bring lasting peace to Vietnam” and spelled out his comprehensive peace plan. Please c, ontact Intellectual Properties Management (IPM), the exclusive licensor of the Estate of Martin Luther King, Jr., Inc. at, American Prophet: Online Course Companion, Freedom's Ring: King's "I Have a Dream" Speech, Martin Luther King, Jr. - Political and Social Views. Why? At times of crisis—before asking Americans to fight and die to resist aggression in a foreign land—every American President has finally had to answer this question: The Vietnam War witnessed assaults on free speech in many dimensions. Read More. I am ready to talk with Ho Chi Minh, and other chiefs of state concerned, tomorrow. Because they won't. Declaring “my conscience leaves me no other choice,” King described the war’s deleterious effects on both America’s poor and Vietnamese peasants and insisted that it was morally imperative for the United States to take radical steps to halt the war through nonviolent means (King, “Beyond Vietnam,” 139). "I feel the fate of Asia—South and Southeast Asia—will be decided in the next few years by what happens in Vietnam." In United States v. O’Brien (1968) the Supreme Court upheld the conviction of a man who burned a draft card in protest of the Vietnam War. President Dwight Eisenhower said in 1959: One could hope that this would not be so. And I am going to give you the very best answers that I can give you. More than 2 million Vietnamese civilians lost their life in addition to 110000+ Vietnamese troop’s loss. We met them because brave men were willing to risk their lives for their nation's security. Certainly there is a positive movement toward constitutional government. On 4 April, accompanied by Amherst College Professor Henry Commager, Union Theological Seminary President John Bennett, and Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel, at an event sponsored by Clergy and Laymen Concerned about Vietnam, King spoke to over 3,000 at New York’s Riverside Church. The Prime Minister of New Zealand said: "We can thank God that America at least regards aggression in Asia with the same concern as it regards aggression in Europe—and is prepared to back up its concern with action." Let him not think that he will wait us out. —They mistake dissent for disloyalty. Had the United States paved North Vietnam with asphalt (which Reagan suggested in an October 1965 speech) or bombed it back to the Stone Age, the Soviets and Chinese would have merely increased their military and economic aid to North Vietnam in order to replace the higher losses incurred by the intensified air attacks. Similarly, both the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and Ralph Bunche accused King of linking two disparate issues, Vietnam and civil rights. Tonight the secure proportion of the population has grown from about 45 percent to 65 percent—and in the contested areas, the tide continues to run with us. Vietnam into the field of my moral vision. Why, in the face of military and political progress in the South, and the burden of our bombing in the North, do they insist and persist with the war? For those who have borne the responsibility for decision during these past m years, the stakes to us have seemed clear—and have seemed high. HOME. The loss of South Vietnam would set in motion a crumbling process that could, as it progressed, have grave consequences for us and for freedom .... " He even goes on to say that, had the U.S. not intervened, Communism would dominate Southeast Asia and bring the world closer to a Third World War. King, Transformed Nonconformist, Sermon Delivered at Ebenezer Baptist Church, 16 January 1966, CSKC. And the test they must meet is this: What would be the consequences of letting armed aggression against South Vietnam succeed? King’s address emphasized his responsibility to the American people and explained that conversations with young black men in the ghettos reinforced his own commitment to nonviolence. Watch later. "We are there because while Communist aggression persists the whole of Southeast Asia is threatened." The Prime Minister of Singapore said: Two things we must do. There are passionate convictions about the wisest course for our Nation to follow. During that time, each president (Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon) made many speeches to the citizens of the United States, attempting to both keep them updated on the situation and assure them that peace was on the horizon. Martin Luther King’s Speech Against the Vietnam War. “Dr. Shopping. so many ask me. But all that we have learned in this tragic century strongly suggests to me that it would be so. Cypress Hall D, 466 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305-4146 The so-called domino theory dominated U.S. thinking about Vietnam for the next decade. “Among Australian speeches, Arthur Calwell’s 1965 speech in which he declared Labor’s opposition to the war in Vietnam stands out. President Johnson reiterates the view of the administration that the security of the United States and the entire free world is at stake in Southeast Asia, and that the U.S. will not abandon the commitments it has made in the region. Protests were rampant, so in this speech Nixon defended his decision to keep U.S. forces in Vietnam and explained why negotiations had failed so far. O ne of the greatest speeches by Martin Luther King, Jr., "A Time to Break Silence," was delivered at Riverside Church, New York City, on April 4, 1967. King’s Error,” New York Times, 7 April 1967. Despite public criticism, King continued to attack the Vietnam War on both moral and economic grounds. We cherish freedom—yes. The Riverside Church in the City of New York. Thus far the Vietnamese have met the political schedule that they laid down in January 1966. That is the question which Dwight Eisenhower and John Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson had to answer in facing the issue in Vietnam. I know there are other questions on your minds, and on the minds of many sincere, troubled Americans: "Why not negotiate now?" In his opening lines he made clear the principle that would guide his policy and his strategy: A Gallup Poll taken soon after the speech revealed that more than twice as many people approved of the new President’s handling of the situation in Vietnam than disapproved. It is a statement against war in principle, in the same sense in which King’s "Letter from Birmingham City Jail," published four years earlier, had been a statement against social injustice in … Washington, D.C. 2:27 P.M. EDT. Info. The Los Angeles speech, called “The Casualties of the War in Vietnam,” stressed the history of the conflict and argued that American power should be “harnessed to the service of peace and human beings, not an inhumane power [unleashed] against defenseless people” (King, 25 February 1967). Protestors outside the 1968 Democratic National Convention suffered at the hands of a violent police force. I am ready to have Secretary Rusk meet with their foreign minister tomorrow. As President of the United States, I am not prepared to gamble on the chance that it is not so. Of those 85,000 wounded, we thank God that 79,000 of the 85,000 have been returned, or will return to duty shortly. President Nixon’s Address to the Nation on the War in Vietnam. I cannot tell you tonight as your President-with certainty—that a Communist conquest of South Vietnam would be followed by a Communist conquest of Southeast Asia. The Revolutionary War era featured numerous restrictions on free speech and free press.Those who were considered loyal to the King of England – loyalists – were subject to a host of onerous restrictions by colonial leaders. The true peace-keepers are the soldiers who are breaking the terrorist's grip around the villages of Vietnam—the civilians who are bringing medical care and food and education to people who have already suffered a generation of war. Are the North Vietnamese right about us? Many of the other cases that arose during the Vietnam War involved anti-war protests, many of which mixed verbal speech with symbolic expression. I think not. President Dwight D. Eisenhower coins one of the most famous Cold War phrases when he suggests the fall of French Indochina to the communists could create a domino effect in Southeast Asia. Doubt and debate are enlarged because the problems of Vietnam are quite complex. They still hope that the people of the United States will not see this struggle through to the very end. May 28, 2012. In February 1968, US senator and presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy delivered a speech in Chicago, declaring that the war in Vietnam could not be won militarily: “Our enemy, savagely striking at will across all of South Vietnam, has finally shattered the mask of official illusion with which we have concealed our true circumstances, even from ourselves. To change course, King suggested a five point outline for stopping the war, which included a call for a unilateral ceasefire. They wanted it strongly enough to brave a vicious campaign of Communist terror and assassination to vote for it. In Massimo Teodori, ed., The New Left: A Documentary History (New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1968), 246-48. We abhor the political murder of any state by another, and the bodily murder of any people by gangsters of whatever ideology. For war is always the instrument of the powerful. Copy link. And a Communist coup was barely averted in Indonesia, the fifth largest nation in the world. To King, however, the Vietnam War was only the most pressing symptom of American colonialism worldwide. Our desire to negotiate peace—through the United Nations or out—has been made very, very clear to Hanoi—directly and many times through third parties. © Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305. In Kennedy’s inauguration speech he promised American support for nations and societies seeking freedom: “The world is very different now. As we have told Hanoi time and time and time again, the heart of the matter is really this: The United States is willing to stop all aerial and naval bombardment of North Vietnam when this will lead promptly to productive discussions. Excerpts from the text of a speech by President Ford as prepared for delivery to the student body of Tulane University. The military victory almost within Hanoi's grasp in 1965 has now been denied them. They are a mixture of political turmoil—of poverty—of religious and factional strife—of ancient servitude and modern longing for freedom. "(The American) decision will go down in history as the move that prevented the world from having to face another major conflagration." For he won't. King, “The Casualties of the War in Vietnam,” 25 February 1967, CLPAC. —They mistake restlessness for a rejection of policy. The campaigns of the last year drove the enemy from many of their major interior bases. Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia, Notice of Non-Discrimination and Equal Opportunity, Miller Center: September 29, 1967: Speech on Vietnam, December 19, 1967: A Conversation with President Lyndon Johnson, January 17, 1968: State of the Union Address, March 31, 1968: Remarks on Decision not to Seek Re-Election, April 1, 1968: Address to the National Association of Broadcasters, April 11, 1968: Remarks on Signing the Civil Rights Act, July 1, 1968: Remarks on Signing the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, October 31, 1968: Remarks on the Cessation of Bombing of North Vietnam, January 14, 1969: State of the Union Address. April 30, 1970- PresidentNixon stuns Americans by announcing U.S. and South Vietnamese incursioninto Cambodia "...not for the purpose of expanding the war into Cambodiabut for the purpose of ending the war in Vietnam and winning the just peacewe desire." The Institute cannot give permission to use or reproduce any of the writings, statements, or images of Martin Luther King, Jr. Addressing a crowd of 3,000 people in Riverside Church in New York City, King delivered a speech entitled “Beyond Vietnam” in which he stated that the war effort was “taking the young black men who have been crippled by our society and sending them 8,000 miles away to guarantee liberties in Southeast Asia which they had not found in southwest Georgia and East Harlem.” What would follow in the time ahead? The immediate response to King’s speech was largely negative. The answer is that we and our South Vietnamese allies are wholly prepared to negotiate tonight. First, are the Vietnamese—with our help, and that of their other allies—really making any progress? A few years ago there was a shining moment in that struggle. October 23, 1954. I think they are wrong. Please contact Intellectual Properties Management (IPM), the exclusive licensor of the Estate of Martin Luther King, Jr., Inc. at licensing@i-p-m.com or 404 526-8968. "... withdrawal in the case of Vietnam and the case of Thailand might mean a cob lapse of the entire area." Five: Set a date that we will remove all foreign troops from Vietnam in accordance with the 1954 Geneva Agreement. King claimed that America made “peaceful revolution impossible by refusing to give up the privileges and the pleasures that come from the immense profits of overseas investments” (King, “Beyond Vietnam,” 157). This is not simply an American viewpoint, I would have you legislative leaders know. In January 1961 John F. Kennedy was inaugurated as United States president, after his narrow victory over Richard Nixon the previous November. But the key to all that we have done is really our own security. President Richard Nixon Address to the Nation on the War in Vietnam, November 3, 1969. I want to turn now to the struggle in Vietnam itself. We have twice sought to have the issue of Vietnam dealt with by the United Nations—and twice Hanoi has refused. Share. The Los Angeles speech, called “ The Casualties of the War in Vietnam, ” stressed the history of the conflict and argued that American power should be “ harnessed to the service of peace and human beings, not an inhumane power [unleashed] against defenseless people ” (King, 25 February 1967). Let him not think that protests will produce surrender. Speeches-USA presents The Speech Vault printable speech transcripts. In my opinion, for us to withdraw from that effort would mean a collapse not only of South Vietnam, but Southeast Asia. "For the first time in our history, we decided to dispatch our combat troops overseas... because in our belief any aggression against the Republic of Vietnam represented a direct and grave menace against the security and peace of free Asia, and therefore directly jeopardized the very security and freedom of our own people." As one Western diplomat reported to me only this week-he had just been in Hanoi—"They believe their staying power is greater than ours and that they can't lose." I am going to put some of these questions. In 1952, in this city of Chicago, the Democratic party nominated as its candidate for the presidency Adlai Stevenson. King, Interview on Face the Nation, 29 August 1965, RRML-TxTyU. Four: Realistically accept the fact that the National Liberation Front has substantial support in South Vietnam and must thereby play a role in any meaningful negotiations and any future Vietnam government. We, of course, assume that while discussions proceed, North Vietnam would not take advantage of the bombing cessation or limitation. Is the aggression a threat—not only to the immediate victim--but to the United States of America and to the peace and security of the entire world of which we in America are a very vital part? Speeches, Remarks and Transcripts. Dr. King was a civil rights activist and he stood up for what he believed in. “A Tragedy,” Washington Post, 6 April 1967. Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) The Court ruled that students wearing black armbands to protest the Vietnam War was “pure speech,” or symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment.
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